Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2023
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0293083
Publication Title
PLoS One
Volume
18
Issue
11
Pages
e0293083 (1-13)
Abstract
Biodiversity loss is a major global challenge and minimizing extinction rates is the goal of several multilateral environmental agreements. Policy decisions require comprehensive, spatially explicit information on species’ distributions and threats. We present an analysis of the conservation status of 14,669 European terrestrial, freshwater and marine species (ca. 10% of the continental fauna and flora), including all vertebrates and selected groups of invertebrates and plants. Our results reveal that 19% of European species are threatened with extinction, with higher extinction risks for plants (27%) and invertebrates (24%) compared to vertebrates (18%). These numbers exceed recent IPBES (Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services) assumptions of extinction risk. Changes in agricultural practices and associated habitat loss, overharvesting, pollution and development are major threats to biodiversity. Maintaining and restoring sustainable land and water use practices is crucial to minimize future biodiversity declines.
Rights
This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal public domain dedication.
Data Availability
Article states: "All original data is available in the IUCN Red List database (iucnredlist.org)"
Original Publication Citation
Hochkirch, A., Bilz, M., Ferreira, C. C., Danielczak, A., Allen, D., Nieto, A., Rondinini, C., Harding, K., Hilton-Taylor, C., Pollock, C. M., Seddon, M., Vié, J.-C., Alexander, K. N. A., Beech, E., Biscoito, M., Braud, Y., Burfield, I. J., Buzzetti, F. M., Cálix, M., . . . Zuna-Kratky, T. (2023). A multi-taxon analysis of European Red Lists reveals major threats to biodiversity. PLoS One, 18(11), 1-13, Article e0293083. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293083
Repository Citation
Hochkirch, Axel; Bilz, Melanie; Ferreira, Catarina C.; Danielczak, Anja; Allen, David; Nieto, Ana; Rondinini, Carlo; Harding, Kate; Hilton-Taylor, Craig; Pollock, Caroline M.; Seddon, Mary; Vié, Jean-Christophe; Alexander, Keith N. A.; Beech, Emily; Biscoito, Manuel; Braud, Yoan; Burfield, Ian J.; Buzzetti, Filippo Maria; Cálix, Marta; Carpenter, Kent E.; Chao, Ning Labbish; Chobanov, Dragan; Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Collette, Bruce B.; Comeros-Raynal, Mia T.; Cox, Neil; Craig, Matthew; Cuttelod, Annabelle; Darwall, William R. T.; Dodelin, Benoit; Dulvy, Nicholas K.; Englefield, Eve; Fay, Michael F.; Fettes, Nicholas; Freyhof, Jörg; García, Silvia; Criado, Mariana García; Harvey, Michael; Hodgetts, Nick; Ieronymidou, Christina; Kalkman, Vincent J.; Kell, Shelagh P.; Kemp, James; Khela, Sonia; Lansdown, Richard V.; Lawson, Julia M.; Leaman, Danna J.; Brehm, Joana Magos; Maxted, Nigel; Miller, Rebecca M.; Neubert, Eike; Odé, Baudewijn; Pollard, David; Pollom, Riley; Pople, Rob; Presa Asensio, Juan José; Ralph, Gina M.; Rankou, Hassan; Rivers, Malin; Roberts, Stuart P. M.; Russell, Barry; Sennikov, Alexander; Soldati, Fabien; Staneva, Anna; Stump, Emilie; Symes, Andy; Telnov, Dmitry; Temple, Helen; Terry, Andrew; Timoshyna, Anastasiya; Swaay, Chris van; Väre, Henry; Walls, Rachel H. L.; Willemse, Luc; Wilson, Brett; Window, Jemma; Wright, Emma G. E.; and Zuna-Kratky, Thomas, "A Multi-Taxon Analysis of European Red Lists Reveal Major Threats to Biodiversity" (2023). Biological Sciences Faculty Publications. 578.
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_fac_pubs/578
ORCID
0000-0003-3618-1811 (Carpenter), 0009-0003-9854-8970 (Ralph)
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293083.s001
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293083.s002
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293083.s003
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293083.s004
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293083.s005
Included in
Biodiversity Commons, Fresh Water Studies Commons, Marine Biology Commons, Natural Resources and Conservation Commons