Date of Award

Spring 2003

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science in Education (MSEd)

Department

Human Movement Sciences

Committee Director

Bonnie L. Van Lunen

Committee Member

Martha Walker

Committee Member

Michael Tamburello

Call Number for Print

Special Collections; LD4331.E44 A45 2003

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of a six week shoulder strengthening program on the electromyography (EMG) activity and force production of various shoulder musculature. Thirty (15 male, 15 female) sedentary people volunteered to participate. The subject's non-dominant arm completed four exercises (standing lateral rotation, supine external rotation, tubing fencing, standing DZ flexion) every other day over a six week span. The sets and repetitions were as follows: week 1-2, 3 sets of 10 repetitions; week 3-4, 3 sets of 15 repetitions; week 5-6, 3 sets of 20 repetitions. Subjects were seen a total of three times. Session 1 involved the signing of the consent form, a familiarization session and determining the testing weight for each person. The subject's were shown the proper form for the exercises and the testing exercise, which was seated external rotation with the shoulder abducted to 90 degrees, the elbow flexed to 90 degrees and the shoulder in slight scaption. The testing weight was determined by asking the subject's to choose a weight with which they could complete 20 repetitions of the testing exercise. The options were 5, 7.5, and IO pounds. Session 2 began with placing surface electrodes over the trapezius, posterior deltoid, and infraspinatus muscles on both the subject's dominant and non-dominant arm. With electromyography, the muscle activity was recorded while the subject's performed maximal voluntary isometric contractions and 20 reps of the testing exercise. The 1st and 20th repetition of the testing exercise was recorded by EMG. A hand held dynamometer was used to assess the force during the three MVICs for each muscle. Resistance was then assigned to the subjects as a percentage of the maximal resistance length of the tubing as related to the subjects testing weight. After six weeks, the subject's were retested during session 3. The median frequency (fatigue) slope was calculated for the pre and post testing exercise session. The three dynamometer readings for each muscle MVIC were averaged. A repeated measures ANOV A was used to determine the effects of the strengthening protocol on the EMG activity of the muscles. The fatigue slope and strength of the non-dominant arm significantly increased. There was no significant difference between the fatigue slope of the dominant and non-dominant arm after the exercise protocol. There was no longer a significant difference in the strength of the dominant and non-dominant infraspinati after the exercise protocol. Future research should develop a better way to determine and assign tubing resistance to exercise protocols.

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DOI

10.25777/s64f-e365

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