Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2025

DOI

10.1016/j.cpc.2025.109509

Publication Title

Computer Physics Communications

Volume

310

Pages

109509 (1-7)

Abstract

Due to the similarities between electron-nucleus (eA) and neutrino-nucleus scattering (νA), eA data can contribute key information to improve cross-section modeling in eA and hence in νA event generators. However, to compare data and generated events, either the data must be radiatively corrected or radiative effects need to be included in the event generators. We implemented a universal radiative corrections program that can be used with all reaction mechanisms and any eA event generator. Our program includes real photon radiation by the incident and scattered electrons, and virtual photon exchange and photon vacuum polarization diagrams. It uses the “extended peaking” approximation for electron radiation and neglects charged hadron radiation. This method, validated with GENIE, can also be extended to simulate νA radiative effects. This work facilitates data-event-generator comparisons used to improve νA event generators for the next-generation of neutrino experiments.

Rights

© 2025 The Authors.

This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.

Data Availability

Article states: "This work is validated against H(e, e') 10.6 GeV Hall C data. This data can be provided upon request."

Comments

Program summary

Program Title: emMCRadCorr CPC Library link to program files: https://doi.org/10.17632/hmsxg82vnf.1 Developer's repository link: https://github.com/e4nu/emMCRadCorr Licensing provisions: AGPLv3 Programming language: C++ Nature of problem: Radiative effects can significantly modify the event kinematics and the resulting cross-sections. Such effects must be accounted for when comparing event generators to eA data. Existing radiative correction codes are tailored to specific processes and topologies, and are limited to a restricted phase space defined by the spectrometer acceptance. Therefore, a more general approach is required to apply radiative corrections to semi-inclusive and exclusive eA measurements. Solution method: Our program incorporates real photon radiation from both the incident and scattered electrons, as well as virtual photon exchange and photon vacuum polarization effects. It employs the “extended peaking” approximation for electron radiation while neglecting contributions from charged hadron radiation. The code is fully decoupled from event generator codes and can be used for all event generators in the market.

Original Publication Citation

Tena-Vidal, J., Ashkenazi, A., Weinstein, L. B., Blunden, P., Dytman, S., & Steinberg, N. (2025). A universal implementation of radiative effects in neutrino event generators. Computer Physics Communications, 310, 1-7, Article 109509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2025.109509

ORCID

0000-0001-5416-2900 (Weinstein)

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