Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2018

Publication Title

The Journal of Membrane Biology

Volume

251

Issue

2

Pages

197–210

DOI

10.1007/s00232-017-9962-1

Abstract

Imaging of fluorescent small molecule transport into electropermeabilized cells reveals polarized patterns of entry, which must reflect in some way the mechanisms of the migration of these molecules across the compromised membrane barrier. In some reports, transport occurs primarily across the areas of the membrane nearest the positive electrode (anode), but in others cathode-facing entry dominates. Here we compare YO-PRO-1, propidium, and calcein uptake into U-937 cells after nanosecond (6 ns) and microsecond (220 µs) electric pulse exposures. Each of the three dyes exhibits a different pattern. Calcein shows no preference for anode- or cathode-facing entry that is detectable with our measurement system. Immediately after a microsecond pulse, YO-PRO-1 and propidium enter the cell roughly equally from the positive and negative poles, but transport through the cathode-facing side dominates in less than 1 s. After nanosecond pulse permeabilization, YO-PRO-1 and propidium enter primarily on the anode-facing side of the cell.

Comments

Open Access: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Original Publication Citation

Sözer, E. B., Pocetti, C. F., & Vernier, P. T. (2018). Asymmetric patterns of small molecule transport after nanosecond and microsecond electropermeabilization. The Journal of Membrane Biology, 251(2), 197-210. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00232-017-9962-1

ORCID

0000-0002-6244-3670 (Sözer), 0000-0003-2335-1500 (Vernier)

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