Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2025

DOI

10.3390/chemosensors13070242

Publication Title

Chemosensors

Volume

13

Issue

7

Pages

242 (1-23)

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and have emerged as critical biomarkers in various diseases, including cancer. Their stability in bodily fluids and role as oncogenes or tumor suppressors make them attractive targets for non-invasive diagnostics. However, conventional detection methods, such as Northern blotting, RT-PCR, and microarrays, are limited by low sensitivity, lengthy protocols, and limited specificity. Electrochemical biosensors offer a promising alternative, providing high sensitivity, rapid response times, portability, and cost-effectiveness. These biosensors translate miRNA hybridization events into quantifiable electrochemical signals, often leveraging redox-active labels, mediators, or intercalators. Recent advancements in nanomaterials and signal amplification strategies have further enhanced detection capabilities, enabling sensitive, label-free miRNA quantification. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in electrochemical biosensing of miRNAs, emphasizing innovative redox-based detection strategies, probe immobilization techniques, and hybridization modalities. The critical challenges and future perspectives in advancing electrochemical miRNA biosensors toward clinical translation and point-of-care diagnostics are discussed.

Comments

© 2025 by the authors.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.

Data Availability statement: Article states: "Data is contained within the article."

Original Publication Citation

Hunt, A., & Slaughter, G. (2025). Electrochemical strategies for microRNA quantification leveraging amplification and nanomaterials: A review. Chemosensors, 13(7), 1-23, Article 242. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors13070242

ORCID

0000-0002-4307-091X (Slaughter)

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