Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2023
DOI
10.1016/j.ijid.2023.01.037
Publication Title
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Volume
129
Pages
110-117
Abstract
Objective
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical parasitic disease caused by blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma. Schistosoma japonicum is zoonotic in China, the Philippines, and Indonesia, with bovines acting as major reservoirs of human infection. The primary objective of the trial was to examine the impact of a combination of human mass chemotherapy, snail control through mollusciciding, and SjCTPI bovine vaccination on the rate of human infection.
Methods
A 5-year phase IIIa cluster randomized control trial was conducted among 18 schistosomiasis-endemic villages comprising 18,221 residents in Northern Samar, The Philippines.
Results
Overall, bovine vaccination resulted in a statistically significant decrease in human infection (relative risk [RR] = 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.69 to 0.82) across all trial follow-ups. The best outcome of the trial was when bovine vaccination was combined with snail mollusciciding. This combination resulted in a 31% reduction (RR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.61 to 0.78) in human infection.
Conclusion
This is the first trial to demonstrate the effectiveness of a bovine vaccine for schistosomiasis in reducing human schistosome infection. The trial is registered with Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619001048178).
Rights
© 2023 The Authors.
This is an open access article under the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license.
Original Publication Citation
Ross, A. G., Harn, D. A., Chy, D., Inobaya, M., Guevarra, J. R., Shollenberger, L., Li, Y., McManus, D. P., Gray, D. J., & Williams, G. M. (2023). First bovine vaccine to prevent human schistosomiasis - a cluster randomised Phase 3 clinical trial. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 129, 110-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2023.01.037
Repository Citation
Ross, Allen G.; Harn, Donald A.; Chy, Delia; Inobaya, Marianette; Guevarra, Jerric R.; Shollenberger, Lisa; Li, Yuesheng; McManus, Donald P.; Gray, Darren J.; and Williams, Gail M., "First Bovine Vaccine to Prevent Human Schistosomiasis - A Cluster Randomised Phase 3 Clinical Trial" (2023). Biological Sciences Faculty Publications. 542.
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_fac_pubs/542
ORCID
0000-0002-0943-0838 (Shollenberger)
Included in
International Public Health Commons, Large or Food Animal and Equine Medicine Commons, Parasitic Diseases Commons, Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Epidemiology, and Public Health Commons