ORCID

0000-0002-8513-1573 (Zhang)

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2025

DOI

10.1016/j.vhri.2025.101164

Publication Title

Value in Health Regional Issues

Volume

50

Pages

101164

Abstract

Objectives

The EQ-5D is a brief measure for assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but chronic spinal cord injury (CSCI) related psychometric evaluation of the EQ-5D-5L has not been explored. We conducted a validation study on the Chinese version of the EQ-5D-5L for individuals with CSCI in China.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center. The floor and ceiling effects, internal consistency, test and retest reliability, discriminatory power (only for EQ-5D-5L), convergent validity (using Spearman correlation coefficients), and known-group validity of the EQ-5D-5L and visual analog scale (VAS) were analyzed.

Results

A total of 271 individuals with CSCI were included in analysis. The mean (SD) utility and VAS scores were 0.46 (0.31) and 66.8 (20.3), respectively, and they showed no floor or ceiling effects. The EQ-5D-5L demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.84) and test-retest reliability. The average Shannon index (H') and Shannon Evenness index (J') of the EQ-5D-5L were 2.01 and 0.86, respectively. Satisfactory convergent validity was shown by the correlation analysis among the 5 EQ-5D-5L dimensions, EQ-5D-5L utility, EQ-VAS, the World Health Organization quality-of-life scale brief version, 7-item generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-7), 9-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9), and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). Utility and VAS scores showed the predicted pattern among a priori known groups, with effect sizes ranging from 0.06 to 0.72 for the EQ-5D-5L, and 0.02 to 1.08 for the VAS.

Conclusions

The EQ-5D-5L is a reliable and valid measure of HRQoL for individuals with CSCI in China.

Rights

© 2025 The Authors.

This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License.

Original Publication Citation

Xie, H., Zhang, Q., Jin, R., He, J., Hu, X., Zhang, Y., Shao, X., Li, X., Zhai, H., & Chang, F. (2025). Psychometric validation of EQ-5D-5L in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury in China. Value in Health Regional Issues, 50, Article 101164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vhri.2025.101164

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Author Disclosure

1-s2.0-S2212109925000895-mmc2.pdf (386 kB)
Supplemental Figure 1

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Supplemental Table

1-s2.0-S2212109925000895-mmc4.pdf (429 kB)
Appendix

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