ORCID
0000-0002-1637-407X (Salama), 0000-0001-7421-3381 (Al-Taiar)
College
College of Health Sciences
Department
Community & Environmental Health
Graduate Level
Doctoral
Graduate Program/Concentration
Health Services Research
Publication Date
2023
DOI
10.25883/1pwf-gz71
Abstract
Pregnancy involves complex physical and hormonal changes that significantly impact almost every organ system, including the oral cavity. The presence of oral disease in women has consequences for both their child and their health. The two main oral conditions linked to pregnancy are gingivitis and periodontal disease. Several studies have demonstrated that there is a positive association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW). PTB and LBW are among the leading causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity. It has been hypothesized that periodontal disease may cause PTB and/or LBW either directly through the presence of gram-negative anaerobic bacteremia originating in the gingival biofilm or indirectly through the production of pro-inflammatory markers which enter the bloodstream from the gingival submucosa. The ultimate result of both pathogenic pathways is the same, the development of an immune inflammatory response and/or the local suppression of growth factors in the fetal–placental unit (including the myometrium, membranes, amniotic fluid, placenta, circulation, and fetal tissues), which in turn shortens gestational age and triggers labor. Overall, the impact of treating maternal periodontitis on the risk of PTB or LBW remains unclear despite numerous observational studies reporting that periodontal disease is positively associated with adverse birth outcomes. Despite that umbrella reviews of systematic reviews have been published on this topic, recent high-quality systematic reviews have been published and thus, there is a need for updated umbrella reviews that includes evidence from multiple sources. In the present umbrella review, we aim to review the evidence of the impact of treating maternal periodontitis on the risk of PTB and LBW, which is a prerequisite to formulating guidelines regarding this issue.
Keywords
Pregnancy, Low birth weight, Preterm birth, Periodontal disease, Periodontal treatment
Disciplines
Dental Hygiene | Dental Public Health and Education | Dentistry | Maternal and Child Health | Periodontics and Periodontology | Women's Health
Files
Download Full Text (254 KB)
Recommended Citation
Salama, May and Al-Taiar, Abdullah, "Impact of Treating Maternal Periodontal Disease on the Risk of Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews" (2023). College of Health Sciences Posters. 1.
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gradposters2023_healthsciences/1
Included in
Dental Hygiene Commons, Dental Public Health and Education Commons, Maternal and Child Health Commons, Periodontics and Periodontology Commons, Women's Health Commons