University

Old Dominion University

Country

United States of America

Document Type

Conference Paper

ORCiD

0009-0001-6450-2275 (Wilson)

Description/Abstract

This paper explores declining birth rates as a global act of resistance and reclamation by women and birthing individuals against hyper-masculinized institutions, using South Korea's 4B movement as a case study. The 4B movement, which rejects marriage, childbirth, romance, and heterosexual relationships, represents a paradigm shift challenging entrenched gender norms, state control, and systemic inequities. It exemplifies a global phenomenon as similar movements gain traction in the U.S., Japan, and beyond, amidst rising conservatism and declining fertility rates. Framing this analysis with intersectionality, Feminist IR theory, and Kuhn’s paradigm shift model, the paper argues that this resistance signifies a transformative push for cultural and institutional reform. By rejecting roles imposed by traditional frameworks, participants confront state systems that commodify reproduction, instead advocating autonomy and equity. The implications are profound, as global governance faces inevitable transformation in response to these demographic and cultural shifts.

Keywords

Intersectionality, Feminist Critique of Institutions, Paradigm Shifts and Global Change, The Political Nature of Motherhood

Disciplines

Comparative Politics | Critical and Cultural Studies | Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies | International Relations

DOI

10.25776/vba3-5606

Session Title

Colonial Legacies, Cultural Identity, & Repatriation

Location

Cape Charles Room, ODU Webb Center

Start Date

3-21-2025 1:30 PM

End Date

3-21-2025 2:50 PM

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Mar 21st, 1:30 PM Mar 21st, 2:50 PM

Beyond the Institution of Motherhood: Shifting the Paradigm

Cape Charles Room, ODU Webb Center

This paper explores declining birth rates as a global act of resistance and reclamation by women and birthing individuals against hyper-masculinized institutions, using South Korea's 4B movement as a case study. The 4B movement, which rejects marriage, childbirth, romance, and heterosexual relationships, represents a paradigm shift challenging entrenched gender norms, state control, and systemic inequities. It exemplifies a global phenomenon as similar movements gain traction in the U.S., Japan, and beyond, amidst rising conservatism and declining fertility rates. Framing this analysis with intersectionality, Feminist IR theory, and Kuhn’s paradigm shift model, the paper argues that this resistance signifies a transformative push for cultural and institutional reform. By rejecting roles imposed by traditional frameworks, participants confront state systems that commodify reproduction, instead advocating autonomy and equity. The implications are profound, as global governance faces inevitable transformation in response to these demographic and cultural shifts.