ORCID
0000-0003-2422-3252 (Tamborski), 0000-0002-8877-0303 (Böttcher)
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2024
DOI
10.1002/lol2.10390
Publication Title
Limnology and Oceanography Letters
Volume
9
Issue
4
Pages
411-422
Abstract
Terrestrial groundwater travels through subterranean estuaries before reaching the sea. Groundwater-derived nutrients drive coastal water quality, primary production, and eutrophication. We determined how dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) are transformed within subterranean estuaries and estimated submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) nutrient loads compiling > 10,000 groundwater samples from 216 sites worldwide. Nutrients exhibited complex, nonconservative behavior in subterranean estuaries. Fresh groundwater DIN and DIP are usually produced, and DON is consumed during transport. Median total SGD (saline and fresh) fluxes globally were 5.4, 2.6, and 0.18 Tmol yr−1 for DIN, DON, and DIP, respectively. Despite large natural variability, total SGD fluxes likely exceed global riverine nutrient export. Fresh SGD is a small source of new nutrients, but saline SGD is an important source of mostly recycled nutrients. Nutrients exported via SGD via subterranean estuaries are critical to coastal biogeochemistry and a significant nutrient source to the oceans.
Rights
© 2024 The Authors.
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Data Availability
Article states: "The data used for this meta-analysis, including all raw data used and characteristics determined for each site, have beensubmitted to the Pangaea data repository (https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.955032). The data have also been published as an open-accessShiny App, which allows for interactive visualization and exploration of data by site or variable (https://marineresearch.shinyapps.io/Gobal_STE_Nutrients/).Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article."
Original Publication Citation
Wilson, S. J., Moody, A., McKenzie, T., Cardenas, M. B., Luijendijk, E., Sawyer, A. H., Wilson, A., Michael, H. A., Xu, B. C., Knee, K. L., Cho, H. M., Weinstein, Y., Paytan, A., Moosdorf, N., Chen, C. T. A., Beck, M., Lopez, C., Murgulet, D., Kim, G., . . . Santos, I. R. (2024). Global subterranean estuaries modify groundwater nutrient loading to the ocean. Limnology and Oceanography Letters, 9(4), 411-422. https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10390
Repository Citation
Wilson, Stephanie J.; Moody, Amy; McKenzie, Tristan; Bayani Cardenas, M.; Luijendijk, Elco; Sawyer, Audrey H.; Wilson, Alicia; Michael, Holly A.; Xu, Bochao; Knee, Karen L.; Cho, Hyung-Mi; Weinstein, Yishai; Paytan, Adina; Moosdorf, Nils; Aurthur Chen, Chen-Tung; Beck, Melanie; Lopez, Cody; Murgulet, Dorina; Kim, Guebuem; Charette, Mathew A.; Waska, Hannelore; Ibánhez, J. Severino P.; Chaillou, Gwénaëlle; Oehler, Till; Onodera, Shin-ichi; Saito, Mitsuyo; Rodellas, Valenti; Dimova, Natasha; Montiel, Daniel; Dulai, Henrietta; Richardson, Christina; Du, Jinzhou; Petermann, Eric; Chen, Xiaogang; Davis, Kay L.; Lamontagne, Sebastien; Sugimoto, Ryo; Wang, Guizhi; Li, Hailong; Torres, Américo I.; Demir, Cansu; Bristol, Emily; Connolly, Craig T.; McClelland, James W.; Silva, Brenno J.; Tait, Douglas; Kumar, BSK; Viswanadham, R.; Sarma, VVSS; Silva-Filho, Emmanoel; Shiller, Alan; Lecher, Alanna; Tamborski, Joseph; Bokuniewicz, Henry; Rocha, Carlos; Reckhardt, Anja; Böttcher, Michael Ernst; Jiang, Shan; Hernández-Terrones, Laura M.; Babu, Suresh; Szmczycha, Beata; Sadat-Noori, Mahmood; Niencheski, Felipe; Null, Kimberly; Tobias, Craig; Song, Bongkeun; Anderson, Iris C.; and Santos, Isaac R., "Global Subterranean Estuaries Modify Groundwater Nutrient Loading to the Ocean" (2024). OES Faculty Publications. 515.
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/oeas_fac_pubs/515