Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2022

DOI

10.1103/PhysRevD.106.034002

Publication Title

Physical Review D

Volume

106

Issue

3

Pages

034002 (1-39)

Abstract

Central to understanding the nonperturbative, intrinsic partonic nature of hadron structure are the concepts of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution and fragmentation functions. A TMD factorization approach to the phenomenology of semi-inclusive processes that includes evolution, higher orders, and matching to larger transverse momentum is ultimately necessary for reliably connecting with phenomenologically extracted nonperturbative structures, especially when widely different scales are involved. In this paper, we will address some of the difficulties that arise when phenomenological techniques that were originally designed for very high energy applications are extended to studies of hadron structures, and we will solidify the connection between standard high energy TMD implementations and the more intuitive, parton model based approaches to phenomenology that emphasize nonperturbative hadron structure. In the process, we will elaborate on differences between forward and backward TMD evolution, which in the context of this paper, we call “bottom-up” and “top-down” approaches, and we will explain the advantages of a bottom-up strategy. We will also emphasize and clarify the role of the integral relations that connect TMD and collinear correlation functions. We will show explicitly how they constrain the nonperturbative “g-functions” of standard Collins-Soper-Sterman implementations of TMD factorization. This paper is especially targeted toward phenomenologists and model builders who are interested in merging specific nonperturbative models and calculations (including lattice QCD) with TMD factorization at large Q. Our main result is a recipe for incorporating nonperturbative models into TMD factorization and for constraining their parameters in a way that matches perturbative QCD and evolution.

Comments

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

Original Publication Citation

Gonzalez-Hernandez, J. O., Rogers, T. C., & Sato, N. (2022). Combining nonperturbative transverse momentum dependence with TMD evolution. Physical Review D, 106(3), 1-39, Article 034002. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.106.034002

ORCID

0000-0002-0762-0275 (Rogers)

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