Suppression of Neutral-Pion Production in Deep-Inelastic Scattering Off Nuclei With the CLAS Detector

Authors

• T. Mineeva, Avenida Juan Cisternas
• W. K. Brooks, SAPHIR Millenium Science Institute
• A. El Alaoui, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria
• H. Hakobyan, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria
• K. Joo, University of Connecticut
• J. A. López, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria
• O. Soto, Universidad de La Serena
• P. Achenbach, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• Z. Akbar, National Research and Innovation Agency
• J. S. Alvarado, Université Paris-Saclay
• W. R. Armstrong, Argonne National Laboratory
• M. Arratia, University of California Riverside
• H. Atac, Temple University
• H. Avagyan, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• C. Ayerbe Gayoso, College of William and Mary
• L. Baashen, Florida International University
• L. Barion, INFN, Sezione di Ferrara
• M. Bashkanov, University of York
• I. Bedlinsky, National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute
• B. Benkel, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria
• F. Benmokhtar, Duquesne University
• A. Bianconi, Università degli Studi di Brescia
• A. S. Biselli, Fairfield University
• F. Bossù, IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay
• S. Boiarinov, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• K. T. Brinkmann, II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen
• W. J. Briscoe, The George Washington University
• V. D. Burkert, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• T. Cao, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• R. Capobianco, University of Connecticut - Storrs
• D. S. Carman, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• J. C. Carvajal, Florida International University
• A. Celentano, INFN, Sezione di Genova
• P. Chatagnon, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• V. Chesnokov, Lomonosov Moscow State University
• T. Chetry, Florida International University
• G. Ciullo, INFN, Sezione di Ferrara
• P. L. Cole, Lamar University
• M. Contalbrigo, INFN, Sezione di Ferrara
• G. Costantini, Università degli Studi di Brescia
• A. D'Angelo, INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata
• N. Dashyan, Yerevan Physics Institute
• R. De Vita, Yerevan Physics Institute
• M. Defurne, IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay
• A. Deur, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• S. Diehl, II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen
• C. Djalali, Ohio University
• R. Dupre, Université Paris-Saclay
• H. Egiyan, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• L. El Fassi, Mississippi State University
• P. Eugenio, Florida State University
• S. Fegan, University of York
• A. Filippi, INFN, Sezione di Torino
• G. Gavalian, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• G. P. Gilfoyle, University of Richmond
• F. X. Girod, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• A. A. Golubenko, Lomonosov Moscow State University
• G. Gosta, INFN, Sezione di Pavia
• R. W. Gothe, University of South Carolina - Columbia
• K. A. Griffioen, College of William and Mary
• L. Guo, Florida International University
• K. Hafidi, Argonne National Laboratory
• M. Hattawy, Old Dominion UniversityFollow
• F. Hauenstein, Old Dominion University
• T. B. Hayward, University of Connecticut - Storrs
• D. Heddle, Christopher Newport University
• A. Hobart, Université Paris-Saclay
• M. Holtrop, University of New Hampshire
• Y. C. Hung, Old Dominion University
• Y. Ilieva, University of South Carolina - Columbia
• D. G. Ireland, University of Glasgow
• E. L. Isupov, Lomonosov Moscow State University
• H. S. Jo, Kyungpook National University
• D. Keller, University of Virginia
• A. Khanal, Florida International University
• M. Khandaker, Idaho State University
• W. Kim, Kyungpook National University
• F. J. Klein, The Catholic University of America
• V. Klimenko, University of Connecticut
• A. Kripko, II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen
• V. Kubarovsky, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• S. E. Kuhn, Old Dominion UniversityFollow
• L. Lanza, INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata
• M. Leali, Università degli Studi di Brescia
• S. Lee, Argonne National Laboratory
• P. Lenisa, INFN, Sezione di Ferrara
• X. Li, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• I. J. D. MacGregor, University of Glasgow
• D. Marchand, Université Paris-Saclay
• V. Mascagna, Università degli Studi di Brescia
• B. McKinnon, University of Glasgow
• S. Migliorati, INFN, Sezione di Pavia
• R. G. Milner, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• M. Mirazita, INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati
• V. Mokeev, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• P. Moran, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• C. Munoz Camacho, Université Paris-Saclay
• P. Nadel-Turonski, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• K. Neupane, University of South Carolina
• D. Nguyen, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• S. Niccolai, Université Paris-Saclay
• G. Niculescu, James Madison University
• M. Osipenko, INFN, Sezione di Genova
• A. I. Ostrovidov, Florida State University
• M. Ouillon, Université Paris-Saclay
• P. Pandey, Old Dominion UniversityFollow
• M. Paolone, New Mexico State University
• L. L. Pappalardo, Università di Ferrara
• R. Paremuzyan, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• E. Pasyuk, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• S. J. Paul, University of California Riverside
• W. Phelps, Christopher Newport University
• N. Pilleux, Université Paris-Saclay
• M. Pokhrel, Old Dominion UniversityFollow
• J. Poudel, Old Dominion University
• J. W. Price, California State University
• Y. Prok, Old Dominion UniversityFollow
• A. Radic, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María
• N. Ramasubramanian, Université Paris-Saclay
• T. Reed, Florida International University
• J. Richards, University of Connecticut - Storrs
• M. Ripani, INFN, Sezione di Genova
• J. Ritman, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH
• G. Rosner, University of Glasgow
• F. Sabatié, Université Paris-Saclay
• C. Salgado, Norfolk State University
• S. Schadmand, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH
• A. Schmidt, The George Washington University
• R. A. Schumacher, Carnegie Mellon University
• M. Scott, Argonne National Laboratory
• E. V. Shirokov, Lomonosov Moscow State University
• U. Shrestha, University of Connecticut
• D. Sokhan, Université Paris-Saclay
• N. Sparveris, Temple University
• M. Spreafico, INFN, Sezione di Genova
• S. Stepanyan, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• I. I. Strakovsky, The George Washington University
• S. Strauch, University of South Carolina - Columbia
• J. A. Tan, Kyungpook National University
• N. Trotta, University of Connecticut - Storrs
• R. Tyson, University of Glasgow
• M. Ungaro, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• S. Vallarino, INFN, Sezione di Ferrara
• L. Venturelli, Università degli Studi di Brescia
• H. Voskanyan, Yerevan Physics Institute
• E. Voutier, Université Paris-Saclay
• D. P. Watts, University of York
• X. Wei, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• L. B. Weinstein, Old Dominion UniversityFollow
• R. Williams, University of York
• R. Wishart, University of Glasgow
• M. H. Wood, Canisius College
• M. Yurov, Mississippi State University
• N. Zachariou, University of York
• M. Zurek, Argonne National Laboratory

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2025

DOI

10.1103/kbhz-h4jv

Publication Title

Physical Review C

Volume

112

Issue

3

Pages

035203

Abstract

We present the first threefold differential measurement for neutral-pion multiplicity ratios produced in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic electron scattering on carbon, iron, and lead nuclei normalized to deuterium from CLAS at Jefferson Lab. We found that the neutral-pion multiplicity ratio is maximally suppressed for the leading hadrons (energy fraction z → 1), suppression varying from 25% in carbon up to 75% in lead. An enhancement of the multiplicity ratio at low z and high p_T² is observed, suggesting an interconnection between these two variables. This behavior is qualitatively similar to the previous twofold differential measurement of charged pions by the HERMES Collaboration and, recently, by CLAS Collaboration. The largest enhancement was observed at high p_T² for heavier nuclei, namely, iron and lead, while the smallest enhancement was observed for the lightest nucleus, carbon. This behavior suggests a competition between partonic multiple scattering, which causes enhancement, and hadronic inelastic scattering, which causes suppression.

Rights

© 2025 The Authors.

Published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License.

Data Availability

Article states: "The data that support the findings of this article are not publicly available. The data are available from the authors upon reasonable request."

Original Publication Citation

Mineeva, T., Brooks, W. K., El Alaoui, A., Hakobyan, H., Joo, K., Lopez, J. A., Soto, O., Achenbach, P., Akbar, Z., Alvarado, J. S., Armstrong, W. R., Arratia, M., Atac, H., Avagyan, H., Ayerbe Gayoso, C., Baashen, L., Barion, L., Bashkanov, M., Bedlinskiy, I.,…Zurek, M. (2025). Suppression of neutral-pion production in deep-inelastic scattering off nuclei with the CLAS detector. Physical Review C, 112(3), Article 035203. https://doi.org/10.1103/kbhz-h4jv

ORCID

0000-0003-2086-2807 (Hattawy), 0000-0002-1265-2212 (Hauenstein), 0000-0003-2243-6836 (Kuhn), 0000-0001-5416-2900 (Weinstein)

Repository Citation

Mineeva, T.; Brooks, W. K.; Alaoui, A. El; Hakobyan, H.; Joo, K.; López, J. A.; Soto, O.; Achenbach, P.; Akbar, Z.; Alvarado, J. S.; Armstrong, W. R.; Arratia, M.; Atac, H.; Avagyan, H.; Ayerbe Gayoso, C.; Baashen, L.; Barion, L.; Bashkanov, M.; Bedlinsky, I.; Benkel, B.; Benmokhtar, F.; Bianconi, A.; Biselli, A. S.; Bossù, F.; Boiarinov, S.; Brinkmann, K. T.; Briscoe, W. J.; Burkert, V. D.; Cao, T.; Capobianco, R.; Carman, D. S.; Carvajal, J. C.; Celentano, A.; Chatagnon, P.; Chesnokov, V.; Chetry, T.; Ciullo, G.; Cole, P. L.; Contalbrigo, M.; Costantini, G.; D'Angelo, A.; Dashyan, N.; De Vita, R.; Defurne, M.; Deur, A.; Diehl, S.; Djalali, C.; Dupre, R.; Egiyan, H.; Fassi, L. El; Eugenio, P.; Fegan, S.; Filippi, A.; Gavalian, G.; Gilfoyle, G. P.; Girod, F. X.; Golubenko, A. A.; Gosta, G.; Gothe, R. W.; Griffioen, K. A.; Guo, L.; Hafidi, K.; Hattawy, M.; Hauenstein, F.; Hayward, T. B.; Heddle, D.; Hobart, A.; Holtrop, M.; Hung, Y. C.; Ilieva, Y.; Ireland, D. G.; Isupov, E. L.; Jo, H. S.; Keller, D.; Khanal, A.; Khandaker, M.; Kim, W.; Klein, F. J.; Klimenko, V.; Kripko, A.; Kubarovsky, V.; Kuhn, S. E.; Lanza, L.; Leali, M.; Lee, S.; Lenisa, P.; Li, X.; MacGregor, I. J. D.; Marchand, D.; Mascagna, V.; McKinnon, B.; Migliorati, S.; Milner, R. G.; Mirazita, M.; Mokeev, V.; Moran, P.; Munoz Camacho, C.; Nadel-Turonski, P.; Neupane, K.; Nguyen, D.; Niccolai, S.; Niculescu, G.; Osipenko, M.; Ostrovidov, A. I.; Ouillon, M.; Pandey, P.; Paolone, M.; Pappalardo, L. L.; Paremuzyan, R.; Pasyuk, E.; Paul, S. J.; Phelps, W.; Pilleux, N.; Pokhrel, M.; Poudel, J.; Price, J. W.; Prok, Y.; Radic, A.; Ramasubramanian, N.; Reed, T.; Richards, J.; Ripani, M.; Ritman, J.; Rosner, G.; Sabatié, F.; Salgado, C.; Schadmand, S.; Schmidt, A.; Schumacher, R. A.; Scott, M.; Shirokov, E. V.; Shrestha, U.; Sokhan, D.; Sparveris, N.; Spreafico, M.; Stepanyan, S.; Strakovsky, I. I.; Strauch, S.; Tan, J. A.; Trotta, N.; Tyson, R.; Ungaro, M.; Vallarino, S.; Venturelli, L.; Voskanyan, H.; Voutier, E.; Watts, D. P.; Wei, X.; Weinstein, L. B.; Williams, R.; Wishart, R.; Wood, M. H.; Yurov, M.; Zachariou, N.; and Zurek, M., "Suppression of Neutral-Pion Production in Deep-Inelastic Scattering Off Nuclei With the CLAS Detector" (2025). Physics Faculty Publications. 994.
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/physics_fac_pubs/994