Description/Abstract/Artist Statement
The growing demand for lithium-ion batteries necessitates efficient and sustainable lithium extraction technologies. Geothermal brines provide an alternative lithium source; however, their complex ionic composition challenges selective lithium recovery. Hydrogen manganese oxides (H4Mn4.5O12) are widely studied as lithium-ion sieves due to their high selectivity for lithium ions. Still, its structural instability and manganese dissolution during adsorption-desorption cycles limit long-term performance. This study introduced zirconium (Zr) doping into the spinel-type Li4Mn5O12 precursor through a one-step calcination process (450 °C for 24 hours at 10 °C min-1), ensuring an energy-efficient synthesis process of Li4Mn4.5Zr0.5O12 (LMZO) matrix. The resulting spinel H4Mn4.5Zr0.5O12 (HMZO), after acid activation, underwent comprehensive characterization employing several analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)The adsorption behavior of HMZO was systematically investigated under varying parameters, including solution pH, temperature, contact time, initial lithium concentration, and adsorbent dosage. Results revealed that optimal lithium uptake occurred at pH 11 and 70 °C, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 35 mg/g when 0.017 g of adsorbent was used in a 50 mL lithium chloride solution. The adsorption process conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, suggesting chemisorption involving ion exchange between Li⁺ and H⁺. The Freundlich isotherm model best described the equilibrium data, indicating heterogeneous surface adsorption and multilayer formation. Cycling experiments demonstrated good reusability, with an average lithium adsorption capacity of 25.89 mg/g after five adsorption-desorption cycles. These findings confirm the enhanced adsorption efficiency, operational resilience, and potential scalability of HMZO for lithium recovery from high-salinity environments. The study offers promising insights into advanced lithium-selective materials for sustainable resource extraction.
Faculty Advisor/Mentor
Sandeep Kumar
Faculty Advisor/Mentor Department
Civil and Environmental Engineering
College Affiliation
College of Engineering & Technology (Batten)
Presentation Type
Oral Presentation
Disciplines
Civil and Environmental Engineering | Environmental Engineering
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01 - Design Of Ion-Sieve For Selective Adsorption Of Lithium From Geothermal Brine
The growing demand for lithium-ion batteries necessitates efficient and sustainable lithium extraction technologies. Geothermal brines provide an alternative lithium source; however, their complex ionic composition challenges selective lithium recovery. Hydrogen manganese oxides (H4Mn4.5O12) are widely studied as lithium-ion sieves due to their high selectivity for lithium ions. Still, its structural instability and manganese dissolution during adsorption-desorption cycles limit long-term performance. This study introduced zirconium (Zr) doping into the spinel-type Li4Mn5O12 precursor through a one-step calcination process (450 °C for 24 hours at 10 °C min-1), ensuring an energy-efficient synthesis process of Li4Mn4.5Zr0.5O12 (LMZO) matrix. The resulting spinel H4Mn4.5Zr0.5O12 (HMZO), after acid activation, underwent comprehensive characterization employing several analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)The adsorption behavior of HMZO was systematically investigated under varying parameters, including solution pH, temperature, contact time, initial lithium concentration, and adsorbent dosage. Results revealed that optimal lithium uptake occurred at pH 11 and 70 °C, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 35 mg/g when 0.017 g of adsorbent was used in a 50 mL lithium chloride solution. The adsorption process conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, suggesting chemisorption involving ion exchange between Li⁺ and H⁺. The Freundlich isotherm model best described the equilibrium data, indicating heterogeneous surface adsorption and multilayer formation. Cycling experiments demonstrated good reusability, with an average lithium adsorption capacity of 25.89 mg/g after five adsorption-desorption cycles. These findings confirm the enhanced adsorption efficiency, operational resilience, and potential scalability of HMZO for lithium recovery from high-salinity environments. The study offers promising insights into advanced lithium-selective materials for sustainable resource extraction.