Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2025

DOI

10.3847/1538-4357/ae07d3

Publication Title

The Astrophysical Journal

Volume

993

Issue

2

Pages

246

Abstract

Absorption cross sections for ZrO are provided and can be used as a template to interpret spectra of S-type stars. The ZrO spectrum was measured in emission from a carbon furnace at 2700 K and calibrated using synthetic spectra of ⁹⁰Zr¹⁶O. A set of nearly isolated molecular lines has been used for the calibration. We also thoroughly review the literature on the spectroscopy of ZrO. Comparison of the experimental spectrum with currently available line lists revealed issues in ZrO spectral simulation. (a) Within band systems, the relative intensities are not always well reproduced. (b) We identify yet unreported band systems, the strongest ones being E¹Φ−a³Δ and b³Π−X¹Σ⁺; this is to our knowledge the first observation of the theoretically predicted E¹Φ state of ZrO. (c) Three significant band heads in the red are unassigned to this day. We determine spectroscopic constants for E¹Φ ( v = 0) and F¹Δ (v = 0, 1) and line lists for associated transitions with Einstein A s and oscillator strengths. The C¹Σ⁺ −X¹Σ⁺ ab initio transition dipole moment is updated and the line list of this transition is recalculated.

Rights

© 2025 The Authors.

Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.

Original Publication Citation

Lavy, L., Bernath, P., Bhusal, M., & Liévin, J. (2025). Experimental absorption cross sections for ZrO. The Astrophysical Journal, 993(2), Article 246. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae07d3

ORCID

0000-0003-4572-8612 (Lavy), 0000-0002-1255-396X (Bernath), 0009-0008-6042-3271 (Bhusal), 0000-0002-5557-7486 (Liévin)

Download

Share

COinS