Flavor Dependence of Charged Pion Fragmentation Functions

Authors

• H. Bhatt, Mississippi State University
• P. Bosted, The College of William & Mary
• S. Jia, Temple University
• W. Armstrong, Argonne National Laboratory
• D. Dutta, Mississippi State University
• R. Ent, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• D. Gaskell, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• E. Kinney, University of Colorado Boulder
• H. Mkrtchyan, Yerevan Physics Institute
• S. Ali, The Catholic University of America
• R. Ambrose, University of Regina
• D. Androić, University of Zagreb
• C. Ayerbe Gayoso, Mississippi State University
• A. Bandari, The College of William & Mary
• V. Berdnikov, The Catholic University of America
• D. Bhetuwal, Mississippi State University
• D. Biswas, Hampton University
• M. Boer, Temple University
• E. Brash, Christopher Newport University
• A. Camsonne, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• M. Cardona, Temple University
• J. P. Chen, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• J. Chen, The College of William & Mary
• M. Chen, University of Virginia
• E. M. Christy, Hampton University
• S. Danagoulian, North Carolina A & T State University
• M. Diefenthaler, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• S. Covrig, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• B. Duran, Temple University
• M. Elaasar, Southern University of New Orleans
• C. Elliot, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
• H. Fenker, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• E. Fuchey, University of Connecticut
• J. O. Hansen, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• F. Hauenstein, Old Dominion UniversityFollow
• T. Horn, The Catholic University of America
• G. M. Huber, University of Regina
• M. K. Jones, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• M. L. Kabir, Mississippi State University
• A. Karki, Mississippi State University
• B. Karki, Ohio University
• S. J. D. Kay, University of Regina
• C. Keppel, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• V. Kumar, University of Regina
• N. Lashley-Colthirst, Hampton University
• W. B. Li, The College of William & Mary
• D. Mack, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• S. Malace, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• P. Markowitz, Florida International University
• M. McCaughan, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• E. McClellan, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• D. Meekins, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• R. Michaels, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• A. Mkrtchyan, A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory
• G. Niculescu, James Madison University
• I. Niculescu, James Madison University
• B. Pandey, Hampton University
• S. Park, Stony Brook University
• E. Pooser, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• B. Sawatzky, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• G. R. Smith, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• H. Szumila-Vance, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• A. S. Tadepalli, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• V. Tadevosyan, A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory
• R. Trotta, The Catholic University of America
• H. Voskanyan, A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory
• S. A. Wood, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
• Z. Ye, Argonne National Laboratory
• C. Yero, Florida International University
• X. Zheng, University of Virginia

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2025

DOI

10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139485

Publication Title

Physics Letters B

Volume

865

Pages

139485

Abstract

We have measured the flavor dependence of multiplicities for π⁺ and π⁻ production in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS) on proton and deuteron to explore a possible charge symmetry violation in fragmentation functions. The experiment used an electron beam with energies of 10.2 and 10.6 GeV at Jefferson Lab and the Hall-C spectrometers. The electron kinematics spanned the range 0.3 < x < 0.6, 2 < Q² < 5.5 GeV², and 2.2 < W < 3.2 GeV. The pion fractional momentum range was 0.3 < z < 0.7, and the transverse momentum range was 0 < p_T < 0.25 GeV/c. Assuming factorization and allowing for isospin breaking, the results can be described by two “favored” and two “unfavored” effective low p_T fragmentation functions that are flavor-dependent. We find each pair converges to a common flavor-independent fragmentation function at the highest W, where factorization is most applicable.

Rights

© 2025 The Authors.

This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License.

Data Availability

Article states: "Data will be made available upon request."

Original Publication Citation

Bhatt, H., Bosted, P., Jia, S., Armstrong, W., Dutta, D., Ent, R., Gaskell, D., Kinney, E., Mkrtchyan, H., Ali, S., Ambrose, R., Androić, D., Ayerbe Gayoso, C., Bandari, A., Berdnikov, V., Bhetuwal, D., Biswas, D., Boer, M., Brash, E.,…Zheng, X. (2025). Flavor dependence of charged pion fragmentation functions. Physics Letters B, 865, 1-6, Article 139485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139485

ORCID

0000-0002-1265-2212 (Hauenstein)

Repository Citation

Bhatt, H.; Bosted, P.; Jia, S.; Armstrong, W.; Dutta, D.; Ent, R.; Gaskell, D.; Kinney, E.; Mkrtchyan, H.; Ali, S.; Ambrose, R.; Androić, D.; Ayerbe Gayoso, C.; Bandari, A.; Berdnikov, V.; Bhetuwal, D.; Biswas, D.; Boer, M.; Brash, E.; Camsonne, A.; Cardona, M.; Chen, J. P.; Chen, J.; Chen, M.; Christy, E. M.; Danagoulian, S.; Diefenthaler, M.; Covrig, S.; Duran, B.; Elaasar, M.; Elliot, C.; Fenker, H.; Fuchey, E.; Hansen, J. O.; Hauenstein, F.; Horn, T.; Huber, G. M.; Jones, M. K.; Kabir, M. L.; Karki, A.; Karki, B.; Kay, S. J. D.; Keppel, C.; Kumar, V.; Lashley-Colthirst, N.; Li, W. B.; Mack, D.; Malace, S.; Markowitz, P.; McCaughan, M.; McClellan, E.; Meekins, D.; Michaels, R.; Mkrtchyan, A.; Niculescu, G.; Niculescu, I.; Pandey, B.; Park, S.; Pooser, E.; Sawatzky, B.; Smith, G. R.; Szumila-Vance, H.; Tadepalli, A. S.; Tadevosyan, V.; Trotta, R.; Voskanyan, H.; Wood, S. A.; Ye, Z.; Yero, C.; and Zheng, X., "Flavor Dependence of Charged Pion Fragmentation Functions" (2025). Physics Faculty Publications. 963.
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/physics_fac_pubs/963