Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2024

DOI

10.1177/27551857241235972

Publication Title

Applied Spectroscopy Practica

Volume

2

Issue

1

Pages

1-11

Abstract

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has exceptional analytical sensitivity and selectivity. However, SERS irreproducibility presents an obstacle when using it for precise quantitative measurements. In this study, colloidal nanoparticles evaporated to dryness are used as a SERS active surface for the detection of the HIV drug emtricitabine (FTC; trade name Emtriva). Despite the irreproducibility of the SERS resulting from the stochastic process of evaporation, using a SERS scanning instrument, the SERS enhancement factors of spatially resolved spectra have a well-defined distribution of signals for a given analyte concentration. This distribution follows a power law function ranging from weak (very abundant signals) to very strong (sparse signals). By definition, a power law distribution cannot have a true mean. Hence a cumulative distribution function was used to model the concentration of emtricitabine, and calibration curves were constructed. For stochastically generated quantitative data sets, the precision of this approach is superior to methods utilizing signal averaging and improves analytical sensitivity.

Rights

© The Authors 2024.

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0) License which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

Data Availability

Article states: "Data presented in this article are available on request from the corresponding author."

Original Publication Citation

Hrncirova, J., Butler, M. R., Dutta, S., Clark, M. R., & Cooper, J. B. (2024). Cumulative distribution function and spatially resolved surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the quantitative analysis of emtricitabine. Applied Spectroscopy Practica, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/27551857241235972

Download

Share

COinS