Submissions from 2018
Direct Crystal Formation from Micronized Bone and Lactic Acid: The Writing on the Wall for Calcium-Containing Crystal Pathogenesis in Osteoarthritis?, Anna A. Bulysheva, Nardos Sori, and Michael P. Francis
Inactivation of Myeloma Cancer Cells by Helium and Argon Plasma Jets: The Effect Comparison and the Key Reactive Species, Zeyu Chen, Qingjie Cui, Chen Chen, Dehui Xu, Dingxin Liu, H. L. Chen, and Michael G. Kong
Coordination of Different Ligands to Copper(II) and Cobalt(III) Metal Centers Enhances Zika Virus and Dengue Virus Loads in Both Arthropod Cells and Human Keratinocytes, Shovan Dutta, Michael J. Celestine, Supreet Khanal, Alexis Huddleston, Colin Simms, Jessa Faye Arca, Amlam Mitra, Loree Heller, Piotr Kraj, Michael Ledizet, John F. Anderson, Girish Neelakanta, Alvin A. Holder, and Hameeda Sultana
Moderate Heat Application Enhances the Efficacy of Nanosecond Pulse Stimulation for the Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Chelsea M. Edelblute, Sigi Guo, Embo Yang, Chunqi Jiang, Karl Schoenbach, and Richard Heller
Mechanism of Virus Inactivation by Cold Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma and Plasma-Activated Water, Li Guo, Ruobing Xu, Lu Gou, Zhichao Liu, Yiming Zhao, Dingxin Liu, Lei Zhang, Hailan Chen, and Michael G. Kong
Gas Plasma Pre-Treatment Increases Antibiotic Sensitivity and Persister Eradication in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Li Guo, Ruobing Xu, Yiming Zhao, Dingxin Liu, Zhijie Liu, Xiaohua Wang, Hailan Chen, and Michael G. Kong
Nano-Pulse Stimulation for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer and the Changes in Immune Profile, Sigi Guo, Niculina I. Burcus, James Hornef, Yu Jing, Chunqi Jiang, Richard Heller, and Stephen J. Beebe
Enhanced Electric Pulse Technology for the Ablation of Pancreatic Cancer, Siqi Guo, Niculina I. Burcus, Chelsea M. Edelblute, James Hornef, Chunqi Jiang, Karl Schoenbach, Richard Heller, and Stephen J. Beebe
Emerging Roles of the Membrane Potential: Action Beyond the Action Potential, Lina Abdul Kadir, Michael Stacey, and Richard Barrett-Jolley
Nano-Pulse Stimulation Ablates Orthotopic Rat Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Induces Innate and Adaptive Memory Immune Mechanisms that Prevent Recurrence, Brittany P. Lassiter, Siqi Guo, and Stephen J. Beebe
Production and Correlation of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in Gas- and Liquid-Phase Generated by Helium Plasma Jets Under Different Pulse Widths, Zhijie Liu, Chunxi Zhou, Dingxin Liu, Dehui Xu, Wenjie Xia, Qingjie Cui, Bingchuan Wang, and Michael G. Kong
Targeting Ovarian Cancer and Endothelium with an Allosteric PTP4A3 Phosphatase Inhibitor, Kelley E. McQueeney, Joseph M. Salamoun, James C. Burnett, Nektarios Barabutis, Paula Pekic, Sophie L. Lewandowski, Danielle C. Llaneza, Robert Cornelison, Yunpeng Bai, Zhong-Yin Zhang, and John D. Catravas
Epigenetic Alterations Mediate iPSC Normalization of DNA-Repair Expression and TNR Stability in Huntington's Disease, Peter A. Mollica, Martina Zamponi, John Reid, Deepak Sharma, Alyson E. White, Roy C. Ogle, Robert D. Bruno, and Patrick C. Sachs
Pneumatospinning of Collagen Microfibers From Benign Solvents, Seth Polk, Nardos Sori, Nick Thayer, Yas Maghdouri-White, Anna A. Bulysheva, and Michael P. Francis
ESOPE-Equivalent Pulsing Protocols for Calcium Electroporation: An In Vitro Optimization Study on 2 Cancer Cell Models, Stefania Romeo, Anna Sannino, Maria Rosaria Scarfi, P. Thomas Vernier, Ruggero Cadossi, Julie Gehl, and Olga Zeni
Dielectric Properties of Isolated Adrenal Chromaffin Cells Determined by Microfluidic Impedance Spectroscopy, A. C. Sabuncu, M. Stacey, G. L. Graviso, N. Semenova, P. T. Vernier, N. Leblanc, I. Chatterjee, and J. Zaklit
Voltage Effects on Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Mediated Contractions of Airway Smooth Muscle, Iurii Semenov and Robert Brenner
Excitation and Injury of Adult Ventricular Cardiomyocytes by Nano- to Millisecond Electric Shocks, Iurii Semenov, Sergey Grigoryev, Johanna U. Neuber, Christian W. Zemlin, Olga N. Pakhomova, Maura Casciola, and Andrei G. Pakhomov
IL-12 Gene Electrotransfer Triggers a Change in Immune Response Within Mouse Tumors, Guilan Shi, Chelsea Edelblute, Sezgi Arpag, Cathryn Lundberg, and Richard Heller
Asymmetric Patterns of Small Molecule Transport After Nanosecond and Microsecond Electropermeabilization, Esin B. Sözer, C. Florencia Pocetti, and P. Thomas Vernier
Transport of Charged Small Molecules after Electropermeabilization - Drift and Diffusion, Esin B. Sözer, C. Florencia Pocetti, and P. Thomas Vernier
NO2- and NO3- Enhance Cold Atmospheric Plasma Induced Cancer Cell Death by Generation of ONOO-, Dehui Xu, Qingjie Cui, Yujing Xu, Zhijie Liu, Zeyu Chen, Wenjie Xia, Hao Zhang, Dingxin Liu, Hailan Chen, and Michael G. Kong
Cold Atmospheric Plasma as a Potential Tool for Multiple Myeloma Treatment, Dehui Xu, Yujing Xu, Qingjie Cui, Dingxin Liu, Zhijie Liu, Xiaohua Wang, Yanjie Yang, Niaojuan Feng, Rong Liang, Hailan Chen, Kai Ye, and Michael G. Kong
Alteration of Metabolite Profiling by Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment in Human Myeloma Cells, Dehui Xu, Yujing Xu, Ning Ning, Qingjie Cui, Zhijie Liu, Xiaohua Wang, Dingxin Liu, Hailan Chen, and Michael G. Kong
Investigation on the RONS and Bactericidal Effects Induced by He + O2 Cold Plasma Jets: In Open Air and in an Airtight Chamber, Han Xu, Dingxin Liu, Weitao Wang, Zhijie Liu, Li Guo, Mingzhe Rong, and Michael G. Kong
Comparison Between the Water Activation Effects by Pulsed and Sinusoidal Helium Plasma Jets, Han Xu, Dingxin Liu, WEnjie Xia, Chen Chen, Weitao Wang, Zhijie Liu, Xiaohua Wang, and Michael G. Kong
Cell Fragmentation and Permeabilization by a 1 ns Pulse Driven Triple-Point Electrode, Enbo Yang, Joy Li, Michael Cho, and Shu Xiao
Upregulation of DNA Sensors in B16.F10 Melanoma Spheroid Cells After Electrotransfer of pDNA, Katarina Znidar, Masa Bosnjak, Tanja Jesenko, Loree C. Heller, and Maja Cemazar
Tumor Cell Death After Electrotransfer of Plasmid DNA is Associated With Cytosolic DNA Sensor Upregulation, Katarina Znidar, Masa Bosnjak, Nina Semenova, Olga N. Pakhomova, Loree Heller, and Maja Cemazar
Submissions from 2017
Damage-Free Peripheral Nerve Stimulation by 12-ns Pulsed Electric Field, Maura Casciola, Shu Xiao, and Andrei G. Pakhomov
Interaction Between Air Plasma-Produced Aqueous 1O2 and the Spin Trap DMPO in Electron Spin Resonance, Chen Chen, Fanying Li, Hai-Lan Chen, and Michael G. Kong
Transient ALT Activation Protects Human Primary Cells From Chromosome Instability Induced by Low Chronic Oxidative Stress, Elisa Coluzzi, Rossella Buonsante, Stefano Leone, Anthony J. Asmar, Kelley L. Miller, Daniela Cimini, and Antonella Sgura
Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field Induced Changes in Cell Surface Charge Density, Diganta Dutta, Xavier-Lewis Palmer, Anthony Asmar, Michael Stacey, and Shizhi Qian
Controllable Moderate Heating Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Irreversible Electroporation for Pancreatic Cancer, Chelsea M. Edelblute, James Hornef, Niculina I. Burcus, Thomas Norman, Stephen J. Beebe, Karl Schoenbach, Richard Heller, Chunqi Jiang, and Sigi Guo
Electrotransfer of Plasmid DNA Radiosensitizes B16F10 Tumors Through Activation of Immune Response, Richard Heller
Delayed Hypersensitivity to Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field in Electroporated Cells, Sarah D. Jensen, Vera A. Khorokhorina, Claudia Muratori, Andrei G. Pakhomov, and Olga N. Pakhomova
Anaplasma Phagocytophilum Infection Modulates Expression of Megakaryocyte Cell Cycle Genes Through Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase Signaling, Supreet Khanal, Hameeda Sultana, John D. Catravas, Jason A. Carlyon, and Girish Neelakanta
Anti-Proliferative Role of Recombinant Lethal Toxin of Bacillus Anthracis on Primary Mammary Ductal Carcinoma Cells Revealing Its Therapeutic Potential, Rekha Khandia, Bramhadev Pattnaik, Katherikamem Rajukumar, Atul Pateriya, Sandeep Bhatia, Harshad Murugkar, Anil Prakash, Hare Krishna Pradhan, Kildeep Dhama, Ashol Munjal, and Sunil K. Joshi
Hyper-Activation of pp60(Src) Limits Nitric Oxide Signaling by Increasing Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Levels During Acute Lung Injury, Sanjiv Kumar, Xutong Sun, Satish Kumar Noonepalle, Qing Lu, Evgeny Zemskov, Ting Wang, Saurabh Aggarwal, Christine Gross, Shruti Sharma, Ankit A. Sesai, and John D. Catravas
A Statistical Analytical Model for Hydrophilic Electropore Characterization: A Comparison Study, P. Marracino, M. Liberti, P.T. Vernier, and F. Apollonio
Advances in Developing Therapies to Combat Zika Virus: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives, Ashok Munjal, Rekha Khandia, Kuldeep Dharma, Swati Sachan, Kumaragurubaran Karthik, Ruchi Tiwari, Yashpal S. Malik, Deepak Kumar, Raj K. Singh, Hafiz M. N. Iqbal, and Sunil K. Joshi
Activation of the Phospholipid Scramblase TMEM16F by Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field (nsPEF) Facilitates Its Diverse Cytophysiological Effects, Claudia Muratori, Andrei G. Pakhomov, Elena Gianulis, Jade Meads, Maura Casciola, Peter A. Mollica, and Olga N. Pakhomova
Electrosensitization Increases Antitumor Effectiveness of Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields In Vivo, Claudia Muratori, Andrei G. Pakhomov, Loree Heller, Maura Casciola, Elena Gianulis, Sergey Grigoryev, Shu Xiao, and Olga N. Pakhomova
The Mechanism of Plasma Plume Termination for Pulse Excited Plasmas in a Quartz Tube, Mingzhe Rong, Wenjie Xia, Xiaohua Wang, Zhijie Liu, Dingxin Liu, Zhihu Liang, Xiaoning Zhang, and Michael G. Kong
Electrotransfer of Plasmid DNA Radiosensitizes B16F10 Tumors Through Activation of Immune Response, Monika Savarin, Urska Kamensek, Maja Cemazar, Richard Heller, and Gregor Sersa
Ebola virus - Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Control: Threat to Humans, Lessons Learnt, and Preparedness Plans - an Update on Its 40 Year's Journey, Raj Kumar Singh, Kuldeep Dhama, Yashpal Singh Malik, Muthannan Andavar Ramakrishnan, Kumaragurubaran Karthik, Rekha Khandia, Ruchi Tiwari, Ashok Munjal, Mani Saminathan, Perumal Arumugam, and Sunil Kumar Joshi
Quantitative Limits on Small Molecule Transport via the Electropermeome - Measuring and Modeling Single Nanosecond Perturbations, Esin B. Sözer, Zachary A. Levine, and P. Thomas Vernier
Biochemical and Histological Differences Between Costal and Articular Cartilages, Michael W. Stacey
Ticks Elicit Variable Fibrinogenolytic Activities Upon Feeding on Hosts With Different Immune Backgrounds, Ashish Vora, Vikas Taank, John F. Anderson, Durland Fish, Daniel E. Sonenshine, John D. Catravas, Hameeda Sultana, and Girish Neelakanta
Computing Spatiotemporal Heat Maps of Lipid Electropore Formation: A Statistical Approach, Willy Wriggers, Frederica Castellani, Julio A. Kovacs, and P. Thomas Vernier
Nanosecond Electric Pulses Differentially Affect Inward and Outward Currents in Patch Clamped Adrenal Chromaffin Cells, Lisha Yang, Gale L. Craviso, P. Thomas Vernier, Indira Chatterjee, and Normand Leblanc
Comparing an Atomic Model or Structure to a Corresponding Cryo-Electron Microscopy Image at the Central Axis of a Helix, Stephanie Zeil, Julio Kovacs, Willy Wriggers, and Jing He
Submissions from 2016
Membrane Channel Gene Expression in Human Costal and Articular Chondrocytes, A. Asmar, R. Barrett-Jolley, A. Werner, R. Kelly Jr., and M. Stacey
Radio-Frequency Plasma Polymerized Biodegradable Carrier for in vivo Release of Cis-Platinum, Sudhir Bhatt, Fatemeh Valamanesh, Jerome Pulpytel, Rea Lo Dico, Aliby Baiyukha, Iman Al-dybiat, Marc Pocard, Farzaneh Arefi-Khonsari, and Massoud Mirshahi
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A Gene Electrotransfer Promotes Angiogenesis in a Porcine Model of Cardiac Ischemia, Anna A. Bulysheva, Barbara Hargrave, Nina Burcus, Cathryn G. Lundberg, Len Murray, and Richard Heller
Cloning, Characteristics, and Functional Analysis of Rabbit NADPH Oxidase 5, Feng Chen, Caiyong Yin, Christiana Dimitropoulou, and David J.R. Fulton
Cell Electrosensitization Exists Only in Certain Electroporation Buffers, Janja Dermol, Olga N. Pakhomova, Andrei G. Pakhomov, and Damijan Miklavčič
Thermal Assisted In Vivo Gene Electrotransfer, Amy Donate, Anna Bulysheva, Chelsea Edelblute, Derrick Jung, A. Malik, Siqi Quo, Niculina Burcus, Karl Schoenbach, and Richard Heller
Plasma-Activated Air Mediates Plasmid DNA Delivery In Vivo, Chelsea M. Edelblute, Loree C. Heller, Muhammad A. Malik, Anna Bulysheva, and Richard Heller
Nanosecond Pulsed Platelet-Rich Plasma (nsPRP) Improves Mechanical and Electrial Cardiac Function Following Myocardial Reperfusion Injury, Barbara Y. Hargrave, Frency Varghese, Nektarios Barabutis, John Catravas, and Christian Zemlin
Inactivation of Acanthamoeba spp. and Other Ocular Pathogens By Application of Cold Atmospheric Gas Plasma, Wayne Heaselgrave, Gilbert Shama, Peter W. Andrew, and Michael G. Kong
Activation of DNA Pattern Recognition Receptors After Plasmid Electrotransfer in Melanoma Cells and Tumors, Loree Heller, Masa Bosnjak, Katarina Znidar, and Maja Cemazar
A 'Tissue Model' to Study the Barrier Effects of Living Tissues on the Reactive Species Generated by Surface Air Discharge, Tongtong He, Dingxin Liu, Han Xu, Zhichao Liu, Dehui Xu, Dong Li, Qiosong Li, Mingzhe Rong, and Michael G. Kong
The Protective Role of MLCP-Mediated ERM Dephosphorylation in Endotoxin-Induced Lung Injury in Vitro and in Vivo, Anita Kovacs-Kasa, Boris A. Gorshkov, Kyung-Mi Kim, Sanjiv Kumar, Stephen M. Black, David J. Fulton, Christiana Dimitropoulou, John D. Catravas, and Alexander D. Verin
Comparison Between Electropositive and Electronegative Cold Atmospheric-Pressure Plasmas: A Modelling Study, Ding X. Liu, Jia F. Li, Ai J. Yang, Xiao H. Wang, Ming Z. Rong, and Michael G. Kong
Aqueous Reactive Species Induced by a Surface Air Discharge: Heterogenous Mass Transfer and Liquid Chemistry Pathways, D. X. Liu, Z. C. Liu, C. Chen, A. J. Yang, D. Li, M. Z. Rong, H. L. Chen, and M. G. Kong
Hydrocortisone, Vitamin C and Thiamine for the Treatment of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Retrospective Before-After Study, Paul E. Marik, Vikramjit Khangoora, Racquel Rivera, Michael H. Hooper, and John Catravas
The Cytotoxic Synergy of Nanosecond Electric Pulses and Low Temperature Leads to Apoptosis, Claudia Muratori, Andrei G. Pakhomov, Elena C. Gianulis, Sarah D. Jensen, and Olga N. Pakhomova
Electrosensitization Assists Cell Ablation by Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field in 3D Cultures, Claudia Muratori, Andrei G. Pakhomov, Shu Xiao, and Olga N. Pakhomova
Effects of High Voltage Nanosecond Electric Pulses on Eukaryotic Cells (in vitro): A Systematic Review, Tina Batista Napotink, Matej Reberšek, P. Thomas Vernier, Babara Mali, and Damijan Miklavčič
A Dielectric Rod Antenna for Picosecond Pulse Stimulation of Neurological Tissue, Ross A. Petrella, Karl H. Schoenbach, and Shu Xiao
A Novel Copper (II) Complex Identified as a Potent Drug Against Colorectal and Breast Cancer Cells and as a Poison Inhibitor for Human Topoisomerase IIᶐ, Shayna Sandhaus, Rosella Taylor, Tiffany Edwards, Alexis Huddleston, Stephen J. Beebe, and Alvin A. Holder
20 Years of Microplasma Research: A Status Report, Karl H. Schoenbach and Kurt Becker
Electroporation by Subnanosecond Pulses, Iurii Semenov, Shu Xiao, and Andrei G. Pakhomov
Zika Virus- Emergence, Evolution, Pathology, Diagnosis, and Control: Current Global Scenario and Future Perspectives- A Comprehensive Review, Raj K. Singh, Kuldeep Dhama, Yashpal S. Malik, Muthannan A. Ramakrishnan, Kumaragurubaran Karthik, and Sunil K. Joshi
Hsp90 Inhibition Suppresses NF-κB Transcriptional Activation via Sirt-2 in Human Lung Microvascular Endothelial Cells, Gagan S. Thangjam, Charalampos Birmpas, Nektarios Barabutis, Betsy W. Gregory, Mary Ann Clemens, Joseph R. Newton, David Fulton, and John D. Catravas
Experimental Assessment of Mouse Sociability Using an Automated Image Processing Approach, Frency Varghese, Jessica A. Burket, Andrew D. Benson, Stephen I. Deutsch, and Christian W. Zemlin
Effect of Twisted Fiber Anisotropy in Cardiac Tissue on Ablation with Pulsed Electric Fields, Fei Xie and Christian W. Zemlin
Intracellular ROS Mediates Gas Plasma-Facilitated Cellular Transfection in 2D and 3D Cultures, Dehui Xu, Biqing Wang, Yujing Xu, Zeyu Chen, Qinjie Cui, Yanjie Yang, Hailan Chen, and Michael G. Kong
Cytosolic DNA Sensor Upregulation Accompanies DNA Electrotransfer in B16.F10 Melanoma Cells, Katarina Znidar, Masa Bosnjak, Maja Cemazar, and Loree C. Heller
Submissions from 2015
Presence and Localization of Pro-and Mature Forms of Biglycan and Decorin in Human Costal Cartilage Derived from Chest Wall Deformities, Anthony Asmar, A. Werner, R. E. Kelly Jr., A. Fecteau, and Michael W. Stacey
P53: "The Wall Watcher", Nektarios Barabutis and John D. Catravas
Structure of CARDS toxin, a unique ADP-ribosylating and vacuolating Cytotoxin from Mycoplasma Pneumoniae, Argentina Becker, T. R. Kannan, Alexander B. Taylor, Olga N. Pakhomova, Yanfeng Zhang, Sudha R. Somarajan, Ahmad Galaleldeen, Stephen P. Holloway, Joel B. Baseman, and P. John Hart
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Ablation and Possible Immunity in the Age of Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields, Stephen J. Beebe
Mechanisms of Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field (NsPEF)-Induced Cell Death in Cells and Tumors, Stephen J. Beebe
Possible Effects of Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields on Proteins, Stephen J. Beebe
Increased Tissue Temperature Improves Electro-Transfer Mediated Gene Delivery to Skin, Anna Bulysheva, Amy Donate, Chelsea Edelblute, Derrick Jung, Karl Schoenbach, and Richard Heller
Long-Term Overall Survival From a Phase 1 Trial Using Intratumoral Plasmid Interleukin-12 With Electroporation in Patients with Melanoma, Adil Daud, Kathryn T. Takamura, Tu Diep, Richard Heller, and Robert H. Pierce
Immunization of Mice with Anthrax Protective Antigen Limits Cardiotoxicity but Not Hepatotoxicity Following Lethal Toxin Challenge, T. Scott Devera, Dawn K. Prusator, Sunil K. Joshi, Jimmy D. Ballard, and Mark L. Lang
Effects of Nanosecond Pulse Electric Fields on Cellular Elasticity, Diganta Dutta, Anthony Asmar, and Michael W. Stacey
Human Platelet Gel Supernatant Inactivates Opportunistic Wound Pathogens on Skin, Chelsea M. Edelblute, Amy L. Donate, Barbara Y. Hargrave, and Loree C. Heller
Donor Platelet Plasma Components Inactivate Sensitive and Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Isolates, Chelsea M. Edelblute, Olga N. Pakhomova, Fanying Li, Barbara Y. Hargrave, and Loree C. Heller
Electroporation of Mammalian Cells by Nanosecond Electric Field Oscillations and it's Inhibition by the Electric Field Reversal, Elena C. Gianulis, Jimo Lee, Chunqi Jiang, Shu Xiao, Bennet L. Ibey, and Andrei G. Pakhomov
Gadolinium Modifies the Cell Membrane to Inhibit Permeabilization by Nanosecond Electric Pulses, Elena C. Gianulis and Andrei G. Pakhomov
Dose-Dependent ATP Depletion and Cancer Cell Death following Calcium Electroporation, Relative Effect of Calcium Concentration and Electric Field Strength, Emilie Louise Hansen, Esin Bengisu Sozer, Stefania Romeo, Stine Krog Frandsen, P. Thomas Vernier, and Julie Gehl
Nanosecond Pulse Electric Field Activated-Platelet Rich Plasma Enhances the Return of Blood Flow to Large and Ischemic Wounds in a Rabbit Model, Barbara Y. Hargrave and Francis Li
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Prevent Pulmonary Endothelial Hyperpermeability and Acute Lung Injury By Regulating Heat Shock Protein 90 Function, Atul D. Joshi, Nektarios Barabutis, Charalampos Birmpas, Christiana Dimitropoulou, Gagan Thangjam, Mary Cherian-Shaw, John Dennison, and John D. Catravas
Introduction to Fifth Special Issue on Electroporation-Based Technologies and Treatments, Damijan Miklavčič, Lluis M. Mir, and P. Thomas Vernier
Simulation Study of HEMT Structures With HfO2 Cap Layer For Mitigating Inverse Piezoelectric Effect Related Device Failures, Deepthi Nagulapally, Ravi P. Joshi, and Aswini Pradhan
Differential Dielectric Responses of Chondrocyte and Jurkat Cells in Electromanipulation Buffers, Ahmet C. Sabuncu, Anthony J. Asmar, Michael W. Stacey, and Ali Beskok